Nuribotoke (塗仏)

About this Yokai

Nuribotoke (塗仏) is a mysterious yokai featured in Edo-period scrolls such as the Hyakkai Zukan and TORIYAMA Sekien’s Gazu Hyakki Yagyo. It is characterized by its dark, monk-like body and bulging eyes that hang from their sockets. While original sources lack explanatory text, later interpretations suggest it appears from Buddhist altars to startle the living. Some depictions include fish-like tails or long hair, and it has occasionally been conflated with sea monsters like the Umibozu. This figure remains a primary example of how visual imagery in Japanese folklore can evolve into complex narratives of spiritual haunting and domestic horror.

Artist’s Note

I love the Japanese sensibility that creates yokai even within the darkness of a Buddhist altar, a place that should be sacred and revered. I wanted to depict Nuribotoke that is mischievous and lighthearted, as if it is truly enjoying itself.